BRAIN TO BODY® SITE GLOSSARY
Human digestive system
The Human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that processes food, extracts and absorbs nutrients, and removes waste products. It starts at the mouth, where food is ingested and chewed, mixing with saliva that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates. The chewed food then travels down the esophagus to the stomach, where it's mixed with digestive juices and further broken down into a semi-liquid form called chyme.
From the stomach, chyme moves into the small intestine, where the majority of nutrient absorption occurs. The walls of the small intestine are lined with tiny hair-like structures called villi, which absorb nutrients into the bloodstream. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder contribute enzymes and bile to aid in digesting fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
After the small intestine, any undigested food residue moves into the large intestine, where water is reabsorbed, and the remaining material is formed into stool. The rectum stores stool until it is expelled through the anus during a bowel movement.
Maintaining digestive health is crucial for overall well-being. A balanced diet rich in fiber, adequate hydration, regular exercise, and proper stress management can support healthy digestive function. Digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Crohn's disease can disrupt this system and require medical management.
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